Search results for " body composition"
showing 10 items of 31 documents
Effects of a high-fat diet on energy metabolism and ROS production in rat liver.
2011
International audience; BACKGROUND & AIMS: A high-fat diet affects liver metabolism, leading to steatosis, a complex disorder related to insulin resistance and mitochondrial alterations. Steatosis is still poorly understood since diverse effects have been reported, depending on the different experimental models used. METHODS: We hereby report the effects of an 8 week high-fat diet on liver energy metabolism in a rat model, investigated in both isolated mitochondria and hepatocytes. RESULTS: Liver mass was unchanged but lipid content and composition were markedly affected. State-3 mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation was inhibited, contrasting with unaffected cytochrome content. Oxidative…
Relationship among Body Composition, Adipocytokines, and Irisin on Exercise Capacity and Quality of Life in COPD: A Pilot Study
2022
Adipose tissue is an endocrine organ that interferes with the severity of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Although inflammatory markers, body composition, and nutritional status have a significant impact on pulmonary function, the real contribution of adipocytokines and myokines in COPD is still controversial. We aimed to evaluate the role played by the body composition, leptin, adiponectin, haptoglobin, and irisin on the functional exercise capacity, respiratory function, and quality of life (QoL) in COPD. In 25 COPD (20% GOLD-1; 60% GOLD-2; 20% GOLD-3) patients and 26 matched control subjects, we find that leptin, total adiponectin and haptoglobin are significantly increased…
Physical characteristics of moderately active men after 8 weeks of ‘‘calisthenics’’ training
2016
Aim: Calisthenics was originally a term used to define body weight exercises [1–3]. This term is now used to define a world wide spread sport based on body weight exercises. Therefore, the aim of this study was to understand the effects of calisthenics (sport) on sedentary individuals. Methods: 28 male participants (24.2 ± 4.2 years; 67.0 ± 8.3 kg; 173.3 ± 5.2 cm) were divided into two groups, a Calisthenics based intervention group (CIG) and a control group (CG). The CGI exercised for 8 weeks. Each participant underwent a postural assessment, a handgrip test (HG), a push-up and a pull-up test. Each participant was tested at baseline and post intervention. Results: The CGI improved their po…
Design, implementation, and evaluation of the adolescents and surveillance system for the obesity prevention project
2016
Abstract The Adolescents Surveillance System for Obesity prevention (ASSO) Project aimed at developing standardized and web-based tools for collecting data on adolescents’ obesity and its potential determinants. This has been implemented and piloted in the local area of Palermo city, Italy. The aim of the present study is to provide an overview of the Project's design, implementation, and evaluation, highlighting all the aspects for a potential scale-up of the surveillance system on the whole national territory and abroad, as a sustainable and effective source of data. The overall structure and management, the ASSO-toolkit, the ASSO-NutFit software, and all developed and used procedures for…
Early and Longitudinal Humoral Response to the SARS-CoV-2 mRNA BNT162b2 Vaccine in Healthcare Workers: Significance of BMI, Adipose Tissue and Muscle…
2022
Background: This study aimed to investigate the early and longitudinal humoral response in Healthcare Workers (HCWs) after two doses of the BNT162b2 vaccine and to assess the association between metabolic and anthropometric parameters and the humoral response after vaccination. Methods: The study included 243 fully vaccinated HCWs: 25.50% previously infected with SARS-CoV-2 (with prior history of COVID-19—PH) and 74.40%—uninfected, seronegative before the first vaccination (with no prior history of COVID-19—NPH). IgG antibodies were measured, and sera were collected: prior to the vaccination, 21 days after the first dose, and 14 days and 8 months after the second dose. Res…
Influence of family history to type 2 diabetes on the body composition and homeostasis model assessment: a comparison between young active and sedent…
2006
Obiettivo. La storia familiare (family history, FH) per il diabete mellito (DM) di tipo 2 è un fattore di rischio per lo sviluppo della malattia, inducendo precoci modificazioni metaboliche e antropometriche in soggetti sedentari. Lo scopo di questo lavoro era studiare l’influenza di FH al DM sulla composizione corporea e sul metabolismo del glucosio in giovani uomini sedentari ed attivi. Metodi. In un’analisi trasversale, sono stati registrati dati antropometrici, composizione corporea (tramite BIA), insulina e glucosio plasmatici in 60 giovani siciliani sani (31 atleti e 29 soggetti sedentari); FH è stata definita come FH+ se il soggetto aveva riferito di avere almeno un membro della fami…
Effect on gut microbiota of a 1-y lifestyle intervention with Mediterranean diet compared with energy-reduced Mediterranean diet and physical activit…
2021
ABSTRACT Background The Mediterranean diet is a well-recognized healthy diet that has shown to induce positive changes in gut microbiota. Lifestyle changes such as diet along with physical activity could aid in weight loss and improve cardiovascular risk factors. Objectives To investigate the effect of an intensive lifestyle weight loss intervention on gut microbiota. Methods This is a substudy of the PREDIMED-Plus (Prevención con Dieta Mediterránea-Plus), a randomized controlled trial conducted in overweight/obese men and women (aged 55–75 y) with metabolic syndrome. The intervention group (IG) underwent an intensive weight loss lifestyle intervention based on an energy-restricted Mediterr…
Genotypic and phenotypic aspects of longevity: results from a Sicilian survey and implication for the prevention and the treatment of age-related dis…
2019
Background:It is well known that long living individuals are a model of successful ageing and that the identification of both genetic variants and environmental factors that predispose to a long and healthy life is of tremendous interest for translational medicine.Methods:We present the preliminary findings obtained from an ongoing study on longevity conducted on a sample of Sicilian long-lived individuals.Results:We review the characteristics of longevity in Sicily, taking into account lifestyle, environment, genetics, hematochemical values, body composition and immunophenotype. In addition, we discuss the possible implications of our data for the prevention and/or treatment of age-related…
Measurement of lean body mass using bioelectrical impedance analysis: a consideration of the pros and cons
2017
The assessment of body composition has important applications in the evaluation of nutritional status and estimating potential health risks. Bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) is a valid method for the assessment of body composition. BIA is an alternative to more invasive and expensive methods like dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, computerized tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging. Bioelectrical impedance analysis is an easy-to-use and low-cost method for the estimation of fat-free mass (FFM) in physiological and pathological conditions. The reliability of BIA measurements is influenced by various factors related to the instrument itself, including electrodes, operator, subject, a…
The Antibody Response to the BNT162b2 mRNA COVID-19 Booster in Healthcare Workers: Association between the IgG Antibody Titers and Anthropometric and…
2022
Background: Research shows that in most people, two-dose vaccination helps to shape the humoral response to Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Further studies are required to learn about the vaccine’s effectiveness after boosting. Methods: We conducted a prospective study among 103 healthcare workers (HCWs) from a regional multi-specialty hospital vaccinated with three doses of the BNT162b2 vaccine. We compared their immunoglobulin G (IgG) titers 14 days after the second dose with those 21 days after the booster. We also compared their anthropometric and body composition parameters with IgG concentrations at the same time points. Results: Twenty-one days aft…